Products Features
Excellent Oxidation and Reduction Resistance
The high chromium content (20.0-22.5%) ensures the formation of a dense and stable Cr₂O₃ passivation film in oxidizing media (e.g., nitric acid, sulfuric acid containing Fe³⁺/Cu²⁺, moist chlorine gas). The high molybdenum content (12.5-14.5%) and tungsten addition (2.5-3.5%) provide superior uniform corrosion resistance in reducing media (e.g., hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid). Compared to similar nickel-based alloys such as C-276, C-4, and 625, C-22 offers better and more comprehensive corrosion resistance, enabling it to handle complex service conditions ranging from strongly oxidizing to strongly reducing environments. It is an ideal single material choice for multiple corrosive media.
Exceptional Resistance to Pitting, Crevice Corrosion, and Stress Corrosion Cracking
The synergistic effect of high chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten content results in a pitting resistance equivalent (PREN = %Cr + 3.3×%Mo + 16×%N) of over 65 for C-22, providing outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride-containing environments. According to ASTM G48 standards (6% FeCl₃ solution test), the critical pitting temperature (CPT) of C-22 exceeds 150°C, and the critical crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) is approximately 80°C, significantly outperforming 316L stainless steel and most other similar alloys. Additionally, C-22 exhibits immunity to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking, complying with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3 standards, making it suitable for harsh conditions such as acidic gas fields.
Superior Weldability and Thermal Stability
Ultra-low carbon (≤0.015%) and extremely low silicon content strictly limit impurities such as iron and cobalt, preventing the formation of harmful intermetallic phases (e.g., σ phase) during hot working and welding. Even in the heat-affected zone after welding, its corrosion resistance remains almost unaffected. Post-weld solution annealing is not required, allowing direct use in corrosive service conditions, greatly simplifying equipment manufacturing processes.
Good Formability and Weldability
It can be formed by conventional hot and cold working processes. Excellent cold formability, due to good ductility, allows easy cold rolling and cold drawing. The recommended hot working temperature range is 950-1200°C. It has good weldability (GTAW/TIG, GMAW/MIG, SMAW, etc.) and is recommended to use ERNiCrMo-10 filler wire (AWS A5.14 standard). Interpass temperature should be controlled at ≤100°C. Post-weld solution annealing is not required, and it can be directly used in corrosive service conditions.
Technical Specifications
Chemical Composition
|
Element |
Standard Requirements |
Notes |
|
Ni |
Remaining quantity(≥56.0%) |
Matrix elements that ensure the stability of face-centered cubic austenitic structure and provide excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking |
|
Cr |
20.0 - 22.5% |
Provides antioxidant and corrosion-resistant properties, which are key elements in forming a dense passivation film |
|
Fe |
2.0 - 6.0% |
Strictly control the scope while balancing intensity and cost |
|
Mo |
12.5 - 14.5% |
Significantly improve resistance to corrosion by reducing acids, pitting corrosion, and crevice corrosion |
|
W |
2.5 - 3.5% |
Enhance pitting corrosion resistance and stabilize the passivation film in synergy with molybdenum |
|
Co |
≤ 2.5% |
Strictly control to reduce the impact of impurities |
|
C |
≤ 0.015% |
Ultra-low carbon content, preventing intergranular corrosion and eliminating the risk of carbide precipitation |
|
Mn |
≤ 2.0% |
Deoxidizer, improve hot working properties |
|
Si |
≤ 0.08% |
Extremely low silicon content, preventing intergranular corrosion tendency |
|
V |
≤ 0.35% |
Minor alloying elements |
|
P |
≤ 0.025% |
Impurity elements, strictly controlled |
|
S |
≤ 0.020% |
Prevent hot brittleness |
Physical Properties
|
Property |
Value/Range |
Test Conditions |
|
Density |
8.69 g/cm³ |
Room temperature (20°C) |
|
Melting Point |
1357 - 1399°C |
- |
|
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100°C) |
12.4 × 10⁻⁶ /K |
- |
|
Elastic modulus (Young's modulus) |
205.5 GPa |
- |
|
Thermal conductivity (20°C) |
11.1 W/(m·K) |
Room Temperature |
|
Specific Heat Capacity |
0.385 × 10³ J/(kg·K) |
- |
Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition, Typical Values)
|
Property |
Typical Value |
Specification |
|
Tensile Strength |
≥ 690 MPa |
ASTM B574 |
|
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) |
≥ 283 MPa |
ASTM B574 |
|
Elongation |
≥ 40% |
ASTM B574 |
|
Hardness |
≤ 100 HRB (or ≤ 220 HB) |
- |
High-temperature performance
This alloy maintains structural and mechanical stability when used long-term below 600°C and can withstand higher temperature oxidizing atmospheres in the short term. C-22 also resists various corrosive environments at elevated temperatures up to 677°C. However, for long-term use, it is recommended not to exceed 400°C to avoid performance degradation caused by the precipitation of harmful phases such as sigma phase.
Thermal Stability: C-22 exhibits excellent resistance to intergranular precipitate formation in the medium-to-high temperature range of 650-1040°C. Compared with the earlier C-276 alloy, C-22 has an extremely low tendency for harmful phase precipitation during prolonged exposure in this temperature range. It possesses good intergranular corrosion resistance in the weld heat-affected zone and can be used directly in the as-welded condition.
Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN): The PREN value is calculated as PREN = %Cr + 3.3×%Mo + 16×%N. C-22 has a PREN value ≥ 65 (with some data reaching 68), which is significantly higher than that of 316L (~25) and 904L (~35). This provides exceptional resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride-containing environments.
Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT): In 6% FeCl₃ solution (per ASTM G48 standard), the CPT of C-22 exceeds 150°C. By comparison, stainless steel 316L is approximately 15°C, super duplex steel 2507 is about 60°C, and C-276 alloy is lower than C-22.
Critical Crevice Corrosion Temperature (CCT): The CCT is approximately 80°C (with some data indicating 75-85°C), placing it among the leading alloys in its class. It is particularly suitable for structures prone to crevice corrosion such as heat exchanger tube plates and flange gasket faces.
Applicable Media:
1. Chloride-containing seawater, saltwater, and brines
2. Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and other organic acids
3. Wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) slurries
4. Oxidizing-reducing mixed acids (e.g., sulfuric acid + hydrochloric acid mixtures)
5. Paper pulp bleaching solutions (containing chlorine and chlorine dioxide)
6. Wet chlorine gas, hypochlorites, and chlorine dioxide solutions (C-22 is one of the few materials resistant to such corrosive conditions)
7. Acidic gas environments containing H₂S/CO₂
8. High-temperature and high-pressure water (nuclear power secondary circuit)
Note: This alloy is approved by NACE Standard MR0175/ISO 15156-3 for use in sour gas environments. Its operating temperature range spans from -200°C to 400°C and is suitable for pressure vessels.
Hastelloy C-22 is specifically designed for harsh corrosive environments at moderate to low temperatures and is recommended for use in the following areas:
Application Fields
-
Chemical and Petrochemical Industries: Reactors, distillation columns, heat exchangers, piping, and valves handling sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and halide-containing media. It is particularly suitable for acetic acid/acetic anhydride production, components of chlorinated organic compounds, and catalytic systems. This material is especially well-suited for high-temperature environments with impure inorganic and organic acids (such as formic and acetic acids) and seawater corrosion.
-
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD): Absorber spray layers, reheaters, flue gas cleaning systems, dampers, and agitators, providing resistance to severe corrosion from high concentrations of chloride ions and sulfurous/sulfuric acids in desulfurization slurry.
-
Acetic Acid and Pesticide Production: Reactors for acetic acid/acetic anhydride, distillation columns, and equipment for synthesizing chlorinated/fluorinated pesticide intermediates.
-
Pharmaceuticals and Fine Chemicals: Suitable for multi-functional production equipment requiring high purity and resistance to a variety of chemicals. Synthesis reactors and active pharmaceutical ingredient production lines ensure product purity and equipment reliability.
-
Paper Industry: Digesters and bleaching equipment resistant to corrosion from chlorine and chlorine dioxide-based bleaching solutions.
-
Oil and Gas: Pipelines, platform equipment, and downhole tools for sour gas fields containing H₂S, CO₂, and Cl⁻. Complies with NACE MR0175 (ISO 15156-3) standards.
-
Environmental Engineering: Waste incineration flue gas purification equipment, incineration scrubbers, wastewater treatment evaporators, and waste acid/waste liquid evaporators.
-
Marine Engineering and Seawater Desalination: Seawater cooling pipes, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, and desalination plants, resisting high salinity and microbial corrosion.
-
Salt and Salt Chemical Industries: Evaporators, crystallizers, and salt slurry pumps, suitable for process environments with high chloride concentrations.
-
Special Industrial Applications: Rollers for glass paper manufacturing, rollers for chlorination systems, zinc electroplating tanks, geothermal wells, hydrofluoric acid furnace cleaners, nuclear fuel reprocessing, plate heat exchangers, sulfonation systems, and overlay-welded valves.
Delivery and Customization
We offer flexible and reliable supply chain solutions to ensure you receive Hastelloy C-22 materials that perfectly match your project requirements.
|
Form |
 Sheet/Plate
|
 Bar/Rod
|
 Seamless Pipe
|
 Strip/Sheet Coil
|
 Wire/Wire Rod
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Conventional Range |
Thickness: 0.5 - 100 mm |
Diameter Φ6-500mm |
Outer diameter Φ10-300mm |
Thickness: 0.1 – 3.0 mm |
Diameter Φ0.5-10mm |
|
Customization Capability |
Special thick/thin rolling, ultra-wide plates; special surface treatment, fixed-length cutting |
Large-sized forged bars (up to Φ800 mm), special-shaped bars, and various heat treatment conditions |
Large-diameter thick-walled pipes, special alloy composition; Pipe end processing (beveling, fixed length) |
Different hardness conditions, special heat treatments (stabilization treatment, grain size control), acid-washed surfaces, electrolytic polishing, coatings, or special protective films |
Special surface treatment, precision drawing |
Why Choose Us? - Reliable engineering technology. Dependable delivery.
We are not just a supplier, but a trusted materials partner for you in China.
Vertically Integrated Production
Own 20,000㎡ facility with 10+ automated lines (8,000+ tons/year). In-house tooling & die center enables rapid customization and effective cost control - no middleman markup.
Strict Quality Control at Every Stage
Full traceability across key QC checkpoints throughout production. 100% compliant with ASTM/ASME, EN, and GB standards. Material test reports available with every shipment.
Reliable Delivery & Export Packaging
10+ years exporting to Europe, North America, Southeast Asia & Middle East with waterproof and anti-rust protection, combined with flexible shipping options ensures safe and on-time arrival.
Sample Validation Before Mass Production
We provide free samples for quality verification, allowing you to place bulk orders only after approval. We ensure consistency from sample to mass production by accurate dimensional measurement and transparent manufacturing.
FAQ
Q: What are the main advantages of Hastelloy C-22?
Q: What heat treatment is required for Hastelloy C-22?
Q: What is the maximum service temperature?
Q: What is the difference between it and Hastelloy C-276?
Hot Tags: hastelloy c-22, China hastelloy c-22 manufacturers, suppliers, factory
