Products Features
Extremely Low Temperature Coefficient of Resistance and Moderate Resistivity
The temperature coefficient of resistance is as low as ±20 ppm/°C (in the 25-150°C range), ensuring exceptional stability of resistance values under temperature fluctuations, making it suitable for precision resistors and electronic circuits. Its moderate resistivity (approximately 0.498 µΩ·m) achieves an ideal balance between conductivity and resistance control.
Excellent Creep Resistance and Thermal Stability
It exhibits strong resistance to slow plastic deformation under prolonged high-temperature stress, enabling stable operation in environments from -200°C to 600°C. This makes it suitable for precision structural components and electrical parts in high-temperature conditions.
Good Corrosion Resistance and High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance
It offers outstanding corrosion resistance to seawater and salt spray environments, particularly resistant to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC). It also performs stably in non-oxidizing acids (such as hydrofluoric acid, dilute sulfuric acid) and alkaline solutions. It has good oxidation resistance below 400°C, with a recommended long-term usage temperature of ≤400°C.
Excellent Formability and Weldability
It can be formed by conventional hot and cold working processes. It welds well and can be joined by autogenous welding or tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding; resistance welding is also a suitable joining method. The recommended hot working temperature range is 870-1175°C. For annealing, holding at 760°C for 1 hour followed by rapid cooling yields optimal properties and microstructure.
Technical Specifications
Chemical Composition
|
Element |
Standard Requirements |
Notes |
|
Ni (containing Co) |
40.0 - 45.0% |
Matrix elements that provide corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and excellent creep resistance |
|
Cu |
Remaining amount |
Balance components to enhance resistance to reducing acids and seawater corrosion |
|
Mn |
≤ 2.25% |
Deoxidizer, improve hot working properties |
|
Fe |
≤ 0.75% |
Strictly control to ensure purity and corrosion resistance |
|
Si |
≤ 0.25% |
Deoxidizer, improve antioxidant properties |
|
Co |
≤ 0.25% |
Control impurities to ensure organizational stability |
|
C |
≤ 0.10% |
Strict control to prevent intergranular corrosion tendency |
|
S |
≤ 0.015% |
Prevent hot brittleness |
Physical Properties
|
Property |
Value/Range |
Test Conditions |
|
Density |
8.80 - 8.91 g/cm³ |
Room temperature (20°C) |
|
Melting Point |
1290 - 1350°C |
- |
|
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100°C) |
13.9 - 14.2 × 10⁻⁶ /K |
- |
|
Elastic modulus (Young's modulus) |
179 GPa |
Room temperature (typical value) |
|
Thermal conductivity (20°C) |
21.0 - 21.8 W/(m·K) |
Room temperature |
|
Resistance |
0.498 - 0.547 µΩ·m |
Room temperature (20°C) |
|
Resistance Temperature Coefficient |
±20 ppm/°C |
25-150°C |
|
Curie temperature |
＜196°C |
Below this temperature, there is almost no magnetism. |
|
Curie temperature |
Curie temperature |
It exhibits weak magnetism at room temperature, with a Curie point between 20 and 50°C. |
Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition, Typical Values)
|
Property |
Typical Value |
Specification |
|
Tensile Strength |
≥ 441 MPa |
ASTM B164 |
|
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) |
≥ 134 MPa |
ASTM B164 |
|
Elongation |
≥ 35% |
ASTM B164 |
|
Hardness |
60-75 HRB |
Annealed state |
High-temperature performance
Monel 401 exhibits good antioxidant and microstructural stability below 400°C, forming a stable oxide film on its surface, making it suitable for long-term service in medium to high-temperature environments. It can be used short-term at temperatures up to 600°C, but its mechanical properties decrease with increasing temperature.
Creep Resistance: A major outstanding advantage of Monel 401 is its excellent creep resistance, which refers to its strong ability to resist slow plastic deformation under prolonged high-temperature stress. This is crucial for precision components and electrical parts operating over long periods at high temperatures.
Applicable Media:
1. Seawater, saltwater, brines (excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking)
2. Non-oxidizing acids: hydrofluoric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid
3. Alkaline solutions: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide
4. Organic acids: formic acid, acetic acid
5. High-temperature steam, dry chlorine gas, bromine, fluorine, and organic compounds
6. Reductive media environments
Note: Monel 401 is not resistant to strong oxidizing acids (such as nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid) and wet chlorine gas, with a higher corrosion rate in strongly oxidizing environments.
Monel 401 is specifically designed to meet high requirements for electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and high-temperature stability. It is recommended for use in the following areas:
Application Fields
-
Electrical and Electronic Industries: Wound precision resistors, bimetallic contacts, electrical connectors, switch components, resistance heating elements, thermocouple sheaths, lead frames, and electronic tube components. Monel 401's extremely low temperature coefficient of resistance (±20 ppm/°C) ensures exceptional resistance stability under temperature fluctuations.
-
Marine Engineering: Desalination pipelines, shipboard heat exchangers, submarine cable sheaths, offshore oil and gas platform piping systems, and desalination plants. Monel 401 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in seawater and salt spray environments, with outstanding resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
-
Chemical and Energy: Reactors in sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid media, valve components for oil and gas production, high-temperature heat exchanger tubes, heat exchangers, and condenser tube bundles. In hydrofluoric acid and fluorine-containing chemical processes, Monel 401 effectively resists aggressive corrosion by fluoride ions.
-
Environmental Equipment: Flue gas desulfurization systems, wastewater treatment heat exchange tubes, and exhaust gas purification equipment, capable of withstanding corrosive media containing sulfur and chlorine.
-
High-End Manufacturing and Aerospace: Aerospace hydraulic tubing, nuclear power plant cooling system liners, electrode arms and secondary circuits of resistance welders, and power system switchgear. Monel 401's superior creep resistance and thermal stability provide unique advantages in high-temperature precision structural components.
-
Oil and Gas: Pipes, valves, fasteners, and downhole tool components in acidic gas and acidic water treatment systems, effectively preventing sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC).
-
Precision Structural Components: Precision structural components requiring long-term dimensional and functional stability at high temperatures, such as high-temperature bolts, seals, and springs.
Delivery and Customization
We offer flexible and reliable supply chain solutions to ensure you receive Monel 401 materials that perfectly match your project requirements.
|
Form |
 Sheet/Plate
|
 Bar/Rod
|
 Seamless Pipe
|
 Strip/Sheet Coil
|
 Wire/Wire Rod
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Conventional Range |
Thickness: 0.5 - 100 mm |
Diameter Φ6-500mm |
Outer diameter Φ10-300mm |
Thickness: 0.1 – 3.0 mm |
Diameter Φ0.5-10mm |
|
Customization Capability |
Special thick/thin rolling, ultra-wide plates; special surface treatment, fixed-length cutting |
Large-sized forged bars (up to Φ800 mm), special-shaped bars, and various heat treatment conditions |
Large-diameter thick-walled pipes, special alloy composition; Pipe end processing (beveling, fixed length) |
Different hardness conditions, special heat treatments (stabilization treatment, grain size control), acid-washed surfaces, electrolytic polishing, coatings, or special protective films |
Special surface treatment, precision drawing |
Why Choose Us? - Reliable engineering technology. Dependable delivery.
We are not just a supplier, but a trusted materials partner for you in China.
Vertically Integrated Production
Own 20,000㎡ facility with 10+ automated lines (8,000+ tons/year). In-house tooling & die center enables rapid customization and effective cost control - no middleman markup.
Strict Quality Control at Every Stage
Full traceability across key QC checkpoints throughout production. 100% compliant with ASTM/ASME, EN, and GB standards. Material test reports available with every shipment.
Reliable Delivery & Export Packaging
10+ years exporting to Europe, North America, Southeast Asia & Middle East with waterproof and anti-rust protection, combined with flexible shipping options ensures safe and on-time arrival.
Sample Validation Before Mass Production
We provide free samples for quality verification, allowing you to place bulk orders only after approval. We ensure consistency from sample to mass production by accurate dimensional measurement and transparent manufacturing.
FAQ
Q: What are the main advantages of Monel 401?
Q: What kind of heat treatment does Monel 401 require?
Q: What is the maximum operating temperature?
Q: What is the difference between Monel 401 and Monel 400?
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